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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Citus vs. Drizzle vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Developer4D, IncAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Drizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerMicrosoft
Initial release19842012201020082010
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20187.2.4, September 2012V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoGNU GPLcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesyesrestrictedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyesno infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon RedshiftCitusDrizzleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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