DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Druid vs. Oracle vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Apache Druid vs. Oracle vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Widely used RDBMS

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.17
Rank	#94	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

druid.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

4D, Inc

Software AG

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Oracle

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

1971

2012

1980

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

23c, September 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

Linux
OS X
Unix

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

SQL for querying

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Natural

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

in Natural

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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