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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Graphite vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Graphite vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Chris DavisOracle
Initial release19841971201220061980
Current releasev20, April 202323c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCPythonC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
hostedLinux
Unix
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesrestrictednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Sockets
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturaluser defined functions infoin PythonnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatoryesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Amazon RedshiftGraphiteOracle
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