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DBMS > RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.singlestore.compingcap.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanvitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.singlestore.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stablegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikivitess.io/­docs
DeveloperOxford Semantic TechnologiesSingleStore Inc.PingCAP, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStaxThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20172013201620122013
Current release6.0, Septermber 20228.5, January 20248.0.0, March 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C++, GoGo, RustJavaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infohash partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)yes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesreplication via a shared file systemSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes infoRelationships in graphyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRoles, resources, and access typesFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
RDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBTitanVitess
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
RDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBTitanVitess
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Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years
3 March 2015, Paul Andlinger

Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category
21 January 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Use semantic reasoning to infer new facts from your RDF graph by integrating RDFox with Amazon Neptune | Amazon ...
20 February 2023, AWS Blog

The intuitions behind Knowledge Graphs and Reasoning | by Peter Crocker
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Amazon DynamoDB Storage Backend for Titan: Distributed Graph Database | Amazon Web Services
24 August 2015, AWS Blog

Beyond Titan: The Evolution of DataStax's New Graph Database
21 June 2016, Datanami

DataStax acquires Aurelius, the startup behind the Titan graph database
3 February 2015, VentureBeat

5 Q's with Graph Database Expert Marko Rodriguez – Center for Data Innovation
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Vitess, the database clustering system powering YouTube, graduates CNCF incubation
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13 November 2019, TechTarget

Massively Scaling MySQL Using Vitess
19 February 2019, InfoQ.com

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