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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document storeDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.compingcap.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-UnionPingCAP, Inc.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201020162017
Current release16.3, May 20247.3.0, May 20208.1.0, May 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageCJavaGo, RustC and C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLStardogTiDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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3rd partiesTimescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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PostgreSQLStardogTiDBYugabyteDB
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