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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Tibero vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Tibero vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmlvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationTmaxSoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420032005
Current release16.2, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20236, April 201512.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCScalaC and AssemblerC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark Corehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next versionno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLSpark SQLTiberoVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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3rd partiesSharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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More resources
PostgreSQLSpark SQLTiberoVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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