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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Titan vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Titan vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesGraph DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titangithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikiweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesAurelius, owned by DataStaxWeaviate B.V.
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200920122019
Current release16.3, May 20243.2.0, December 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCErlangJavaGo
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesrestrictedyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnonoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Clojure
Java
Python
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangyesno
Triggersyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"yes infovia pluggable storage backendsSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factoryesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes infoRelationships in graphno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak SecurityUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLRiak KVTitanWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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