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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. RocksDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. RocksDB vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgquestdb.iorocksdb.orgwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikivertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology IncFacebook, Inc.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420132005
Current release16.2, February 20248.11.4, April 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++C++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnonoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID for single-table writesyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
PostgreSQLQuestDBRocksDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
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Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
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Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
PostgreSQLQuestDBRocksDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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