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DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamePostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.postgresql.orgpouchdb.comwww.stardog.comwww.timescale.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docspouchdb.com/­guidesdocs.stardog.comdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationStardog-UnionTimescale
Initial release1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012201020172009
Current release16.2, February 20247.1.1, June 20197.3.0, May 20202.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptJavaCJava
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infonone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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Related products and services
3rd partiespgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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More resources
PostgreSQLPouchDBStardogTimescaleDBTinkerGraph
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