DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. Redis vs. Stardog
System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. PouchDB vs. Redis vs. Stardog
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| Name | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | PouchDB Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | Stardog Xexclude from comparison | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Graph DBMS RDF store | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVector DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.postgresql.org | pouchdb.com | redis.com redis.io | www.stardog.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | pouchdb.com/guides | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | docs.stardog.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Apache Software Foundation | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | Stardog-Union | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2012 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.1.1, June 2019 | 7.2.4, January 2024 | 7.3.0, May 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source BSD | Open Source | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | commercial 60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C | JavaScript | C | Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | Linux macOS Windows | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | schema-free | schema-free | schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | no | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | no Import/export of XML data possible | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes via views | yes with RediSearch module | yes supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | with RediSQL module | Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP REST only for PouchDB Server JavaScript API | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | GraphQL query language HTTP API Jena RDF API OWL RDF4J API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SNARL SPARQL Spring Data Stardog Studio TinkerPop 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | JavaScript | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | .Net Clojure Groovy Java JavaScript Python Ruby | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | View functions in JavaScript | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | yes via event handlers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | none | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication also with CouchDB databases Source-replica replication also with CouchDB databases | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | yes | through RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | no | no | yes relationships in graphs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | ACID | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | Access rights for users and roles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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| PostgreSQL | PouchDB | Redis | Stardog | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking MongoDB is the DBMS of the year, defending the title from last year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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