DBMS > Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDFox vs. SQLite vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RDFox vs. SQLite vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Widely used in-process key-value store

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sqlite.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

1994

2017

2000

2012

Current release

18.1.40, May 2020

6.0, Septermber 2022

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

server-less

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

yes

dynamic column types

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C
Java

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

replication via a shared file system

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Roles, resources, and access types

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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