DBMS > openGauss vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison openGauss vs. Oracle vs. Spark SQL vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Widely used RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

www.oracle.com/database

spark.apache.org/sql

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Huawei and openGauss community

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2019

1980

2014

2020

Current release

3.0, March 2022

23c, September 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

C and C++

Scala

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL 2011

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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