DBMS > etcd vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. RDFox vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. RDFox vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Widely used RDBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	0.45
Rank	#261	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.oracle.com/database

rdf4j.org

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sequoiadb.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

docs.oracle.com/en/database

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

Developer

Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Initial release

1980

2004

2017

2013

Current release

3.4, August 2019

23c, September 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

C
Java

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

replication via a shared file system

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Document is locked during a transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

simple password-based access control

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