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DBMS > Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool vs. TimescaleDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. Tarantool vs. TimescaleDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#157  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.stardog.comwww.tarantool.iowww.timescale.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.timescale.comdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionVKTimescaleVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20072010200820172010
Current release5.20, May 20247.3.0, May 20202.10.0, May 20222.15.0, May 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaC and C++CJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimenumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infoImport/export of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Open binary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaLua, C and SQL stored proceduresuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellJava
Triggersyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyesyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistenceno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jStardogTarantoolTimescaleDBVoltDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: Llamaindex, Semantic Search, Graph Database, Entity Resolution and more
15 June 2024

Neo4j-Databricks Connector Delivers Deeper Insights, Faster GenAI Development
10 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, Testing, Knowledge Graph, GenAI and more
8 June 2024

Neo4j and Snowflake Bring Graph Data Science Into the AI Data Cloud
4 June 2024

RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph
4 June 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Neo4jStardogTarantoolTimescaleDBVoltDB
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Recent citations in the news

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 VoltDB Launches Active(N) Lossless Cross Data Center Replication
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VoltDB Turns to Real-Time Analytics with NewSQL Database
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VoltDB Upgrades Power, Security of Its In-Memory Database
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VoltDB Adds Geospatial Support, Cross-Site Replication
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