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DBMS > Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sadas Engine vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sadas Engine vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environmentsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sadasengine.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSADAS s.r.l.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20061998
Current release5.19, April 202416.2, February 20248.011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infofree trial version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaCC++
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noPL/SQL
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jPostgreSQLSadas EngineTimesTen
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: Nodes 2024, Data Modelling, Events, Knowledge Graphs and more
27 April 2024

GQL is Here: Your Cypher Queries in a GQL World
26 April 2024

GQL: The ISO Standard for Graphs Has Arrived
25 April 2024

What Is Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)?
24 April 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Google Cloud, Analysis, Knowledge Graph, Relationships and more
20 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Neo4jPostgreSQLSadas EngineTimesTen
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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