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DBMS > Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environmentsCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#211  Overall
#35  Document stores
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websiteneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgrockset.comwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.htmlwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rockset.comhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywheredocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocksetSAP infoformerly SybaseSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201919922014
Current release5.19, April 202416.2, February 202417, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaCC++
Server operating systemsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesdynamic typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoingestion from XML files supportedyesyes
Secondary indexesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP RESTADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perluser defined functions
Triggersyes infovia event handleryesnoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashAutomatic shardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroringyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consolefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Neo4jPostgreSQLRocksetSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereSnowflake
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

Creating the GQL Database Language Standard
7 May 2024

This Week in Neo4j: GraphRAG, Knowledge Graphs, Open Source AI, GraphQL and more
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This Week in Neo4j: Nodes 2024, Data Modelling, Events, Knowledge Graphs and more
27 April 2024

GQL is Here: Your Cypher Queries in a GQL World
26 April 2024

GQL: The ISO Standard for Graphs Has Arrived
25 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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