DBMS > NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. Realm vs. SQL.JS vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. Realm vs. SQL.JS vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	0.63
Rank	#241	Overall
	#112	Relational DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database

realm.io

sql.js.org

trino.io

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database

realm.io/docs

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2019

1980

2014

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

Strong typed schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JavaScript API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

JavaScript

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

except by serializing a db to a file

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

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22 May 2024

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24 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.