DBMS > mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Spatial extension of SQLite

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.27
Rank	#169	Overall
	#76	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	1.63
Rank	#146	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Website

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database

rdf4j.org

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

Developer

Hughes Technologies

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Alessandro Furieri

Initial release

1994

2019

1980

2004

2008

Current release

4.4, October 2021

23c, September 2023

5.0.0, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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