DBMS > NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison NebulaGraph vs. OpenSearch vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Score	2.91
Rank	#102	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

dbmx.net/tkrzw

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

docs.nebula-graph.io

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Vesoft Inc.

Amazon Web Services

Mikio Hirabayashi

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2019

2021

2020

2017

Current release

2.5.0, January 2023

0.9.3, August 2020

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

none

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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