DBMS > MySQL vs. Neo4j vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. SingleStore vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. Neo4j vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. SingleStore vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

A drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	44.89
Rank	#21	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	0.60
Rank	#246	Overall
	#39	Document stores

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	2.63
Rank	#109	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

www.mysql.com

neo4j.com

www.percona.com/mongodb/software/percona-server-for-mongodb

www.singlestore.com

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

neo4j.com/docs

docs.percona.com/percona-distribution-for-mongodb

docs.singlestore.com

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Neo4j, Inc.

Percona

SingleStore Inc.

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

1995

2007

2015

2013

2017

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

5.20, May 2024

3.4.10-2.10, November 2017

8.5, January 2024

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

GPL Version 2

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java, Scala

C++

C++, Go

C and C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free

yes

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

proprietary protocol using JSON

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

JavaScript

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

yes using Neo4j Fabric

Sharding

hash partitioning

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

via In-Memory Engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

Access rights for users and roles

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more

YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages

Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more

Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more

Key customers

Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more

Market metrics

Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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4 June 2024

RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.