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DBMS > MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOne of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Search engine infointegrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS infoTime Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS infocurrently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score421.65
Rank#5  Overall
#1  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.mongodb.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.mongodb.com/­docs/­manualwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMongoDB, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-UnionOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20091989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20101998
Current release6.0.7, June 202316.2, February 20247.3.0, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.Open Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceno infoMongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)nonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoAlthough schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatialyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLRead-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interfaceyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesActionscript infounofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure infounofficial driver
ColdFusion infounofficial driver
D infounofficial driver
Dart infounofficial driver
Delphi infounofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy infounofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp infounofficial driver
Lua infounofficial driver
MatLab infounofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell infounofficial driver
Prolog infounofficial driver
Python
R infounofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk infounofficial driver
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPL/SQL
Triggersyes infoin MongoDB Atlas onlyyesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoPartitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infocan be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency infodefault behaviour
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possibleyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infooptional, enabled by defaultyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
MongoDBPostgreSQLStardogTimesTen
Specific characteristicsMongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
» more
Competitive advantagesBuilt around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
» more
Typical application scenariosAI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
» more
Key customersADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
» more
Market metricsHundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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