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DBMS > Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitemilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.singlestore.comvitess.io
Technical documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.singlestore.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSingleStore Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20132013
Current release2.3.4, January 202416.3, May 20248.5, January 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageC++, GoCC++, GoGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
MilvusPostgreSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLVitess
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
MilvusPostgreSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLVitess
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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
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