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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. searchxml vs. SQL.JS vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. searchxml vs. SQL.JS vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application serverPort of SQLite to JavaScriptA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Native XML DBMS
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#25  Search engines
Score0.53
Rank#252  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.searchxml.net/­category/­productssql.js.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.searchxml.net/­support/­handoutssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmltechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerinformationpartners gmbhAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersTmaxSoft
Initial release19891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520122003
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20241.06, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++JavaScriptC and Assembler
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windowsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
JavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIsJavaScriptC
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoon the application servernoPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersyesyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infosychronisation to multiple collectionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDmultiple readers, single writerACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyesno infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDomain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application servicesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLsearchxmlSQL.JSTibero
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