DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. TimesTen
System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. TimesTen
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Name | Microsoft SQL Server Xexclude from comparison | Oracle Coherence Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SAP IQ former name: Sybase IQ Xexclude from comparison | TimesTen Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Microsofts flagship relational DBMS | Oracles in-memory data grid solution | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics | In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS column-oriented | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server | www.oracle.com/java/coherence | www.postgresql.org | www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html | www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server | docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence | www.postgresql.org/docs | help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ | docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Microsoft | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | SAP, formerly Sybase | Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 1989 | 2007 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 1994 | 1998 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | SQL Server 2022, November 2022 | 14.1, August 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 16.1 SPS04, April 2019 | 11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial restricted free version is available | commercial | Open Source BSD | commercial | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | C++ | Java | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux Windows | All OS with a Java VM | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris SPARC/x86 Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | schema-free | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | yes | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS) | JCache JPA RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# C++ Delphi Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R Ruby Visual Basic | .Net C++ Java | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Java Perl PHP Python Ruby | C C++ Java PL/SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | PL/SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes | yes Live Events | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition | yes, with selectable consistency level | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | SAP/Sybase Replication Server | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | Hadoop integration | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | configurable | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes optionally | yes | yes | yes by means of logfiles and checkpoints | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Microsoft SQL Server | Oracle Coherence | PostgreSQL | SAP IQ former name: Sybase IQ | TimesTen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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