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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Coherence vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSOracles in-memory data grid solutionWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#129  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#238  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­java/­coherencewww.postgresql.orgwww.risingwave.com/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­introdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftOraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRisingWave LabsOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release198920071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20221998
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202214.1, August 202316.3, May 20241.2, September 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaCRust
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSONyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.UDFs in Python or JavaPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infoLive Eventsyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes, with selectable consistency levelSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDconfigurableACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infooptionallyyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and Rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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