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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. RDFox vs. Snowflake vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. RDFox vs. Snowflake vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.snowflake.comtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftOracleOxford Semantic TechnologiesSnowflake Computing Inc.TempoIQ
Initial release19891980201720142012
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 20236.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infoRDF schemasyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
replication via a shared file systemyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationsimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerOracleRDFoxSnowflakeTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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