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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA relational database management system that stores data in columnsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.monetdb.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftMonetDB BVPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012198920041989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 2022Dec2023 (11.49), December 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, in SQL, C, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding via remote tablespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataoptimistic lockingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Table StorageMicrosoft SQL ServerMonetDBPostgreSQL
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