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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Teradata vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Teradata vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score47.84
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#351  Overall
#47  Document stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlwww.teradata.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.teradata.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSybase, SAPTeradataJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL199319842019
Current release16.2, February 2024Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 20191.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++CClojure
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
hosted
Linux
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Delphi
Perl
PHP
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallelno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding infoHashingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configuredyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSTeradataXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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