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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.orgrockset.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rockset.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocksetApache Software Foundation
Initial release20101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20192014
Current releaseV1216.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++Scala
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesdynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoingestion from XML files supportedno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP RESTJDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashAutomatic shardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consoleno

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Related products and services
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLRocksetSpark SQL
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