DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. Transwarp Hippo

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. Transwarp Hippo

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud-native distributed Vector DBMS that supports storage, retrieval, and management of massive vector-based datasets

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.05
Rank	#386	Overall
	#14	Vector DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org

www.transwarp.cn/en/subproduct/hippo

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2010

2019

2004

2023

Current release

V12

1.0, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java
PHP
Python

C++
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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