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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.singlestore.compingcap.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.singlestore.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stablegithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesSingleStore Inc.PingCAP, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20192017201320162012
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases6.0, Septermber 20228.5, January 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilitiesTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C++, GoGo, RustJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyesno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
Java
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesnoyes
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infohash partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)yes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.replication via a shared file systemSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRoles, resources, and access typesFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerRDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBTitan
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerRDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTiDBTitan
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