DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. Sphinx
System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. Sphinx
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Name | Microsoft Azure Data Explorer Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | Sphinx Xexclude from comparison | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS column oriented | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Search engine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell Event Store this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps) Spatial DBMS Search engine support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine Time Series DBMS see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraph Spatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearch Time Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeries Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer | www.postgresql.org | redis.com redis.io | sphinxsearch.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | sphinxsearch.com/docs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Microsoft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | Sphinx Technologies Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2019 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | cloud service with continuous releases | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.2.4, January 2024 | 3.5.1, February 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source BSD | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial licence available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. | Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | C | C | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | hosted | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | FreeBSD Linux NetBSD OS X Solaris Windows | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic) | yes | schema-free | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | all fields are automatically indexed | yes | yes with RediSearch module | yes full-text index on all search fields | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset | yes standard with numerous extensions | with RediSQL module | SQL-like query language (SphinxQL) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS) RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | Proprietary protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | .Net Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PowerShell Python R | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | C++ unofficial client library Java Perl unofficial client library PHP Python Ruby unofficial client library | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy | yes | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | Sharding Partitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant. | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | none | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark | no | through RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes The original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Azure Active Directory Authentication | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3rd parties | Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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Microsoft Azure Data Explorer | PostgreSQL | Redis | Sphinx | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking MongoDB is the DBMS of the year, defending the title from last year | The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor General availability: Azure Data Explorer adds new geospatial capabilities | Azure updates Azure Data Explorer: Log and telemetry analytics benchmark Providing modern data transfer and storage service at Microsoft with Microsoft Azure - Inside Track Blog Microsoft Introduces Azure Integration Environments and Business Process Tracking in Public Preview Introducing Microsoft Fabric: The data platform for the era of AI | Microsoft Azure Blog provided by Google News AGEDB Technology Launches PGTS - PostgreSQL Tech-Support First Principles: Optimizing PostgreSQL for the cloud Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database General availability: Microsoft Entra ID integration with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates Your MySQL 5.7 and PostgreSQL 11 databases will be automatically enrolled into Amazon RDS Extended Support ... provided by Google News Linux Foundation marshals support for open source alternative to Redis Redis switches licenses, acquires Speedb to go beyond its core in-memory database The Coolest Database System Companies Of The 2024 Big Data 100 Redis acquires storage engine startup Speedb to enhance its open-source database Valkey is Rapidly Overtaking Redis provided by Google News Switching From Sphinx to MkDocs Documentation — What Did I Gain and Lose Manticore is a Faster Alternative to Elasticsearch in C++ Perplexity AI: From Its Use To Operation, Everything You Need To Know About Googles Newest Challenger How to Build 600+ Links in One Month Beyond the Concert Hall: 5 Organizations Making a Difference in Classical Music in 2018 | WQXR Editorial provided by Google News |
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