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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgsolr.apache.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20062014
Current release16.3, May 20249.6.0, April 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java pluginsJava Stored Procedures
TriggersJavaScriptyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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