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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. searchxml vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. searchxml vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataDBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application serverA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeNative XML DBMS
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#24  Search engines
Score1.46
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgrealm.iowww.searchxml.net/­category/­productsus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docswww.searchxml.net/­support/­handoutstechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019informationpartners gmbhTmaxSoft
Initial release20141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420152003
Current release16.4, August 20241.07, September 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C and Assembler
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
WindowsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIsC
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes infoon the application serverPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
TriggersJavaScriptyesyes infoChange Listenersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infosychronisation to multiple collectionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDmultiple readers, single writerACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmnono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesDomain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application servicesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLRealmsearchxmlTibero
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