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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.04
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.84
Rank#76  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.46
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latesttechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesTmaxSoft
Initial release201419841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092003
Current release7.4.1.1, 202116.4, August 20243.2.0, December 20227, September 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCErlangC and Assembler
Server operating systemshostedHP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesrestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.ErlangPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
TriggersJavaScriptyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionyes, on a single nodeACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle RdbPostgreSQLRiak KVTibero
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