DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. OrientDB vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.08
Rank	#187	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	3.27
Rank	#97	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#15	Key-value stores

Score	44.28
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

orientdb.org

solr.apache.org

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

solr.apache.org/resources.html

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2014

1984

2010

2006

Current release

7.4.1.1, 2021

3.2.29, March 2024

9.5.0, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

HP Open VMS

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

Java plugins

Triggers

JavaScript

Hooks

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

yes, on a single node

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

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