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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OpenSearch vs. PostgreSQL vs. RisingWave

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Search engineRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score16.36
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.58
Rank#242  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.postgresql.orgwww.risingwave.com/­database
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbopensearch.org/­docs/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­intro
DeveloperMicrosoftAmazon Web ServicesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRisingWave Labs
Initial release201420211989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2022
Current release2.5.0, January 202316.2, February 20241.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCRust
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSON
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.UDFs in Python or Java
TriggersJavaScriptyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOpenSearchPostgreSQLRisingWave
Specific characteristicsOpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Competitive advantagesDistributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Typical application scenariosThe OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsThe OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOpenSearchPostgreSQLRisingWave
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