DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Transbase vs. Trino vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Transbase vs. Trino vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

trino.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

www.xtdb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Microsoft

Transaction Software GmbH

Trino Software Foundation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2010

1987

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2019

Current release

V12

Transbase 8.3, 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free development license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Transact SQL

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

depending on connected data-source

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, with always 3 replicas available

Source-replica replication

depending on connected data-source

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

yes

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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