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DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Microsofts flagship relational DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverorientdb.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmltypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPVaticle
Initial release1992198920102016
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019SQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.29, March 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesSQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, Javascriptno
Triggersyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes inforelationship in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft AccessMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft AccessMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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