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DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release1992201019892013
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019V12SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft Officecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++
Server operating systemsWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinux
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, SQL
Triggersyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerNuoDB
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