DBMS > Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.91
Rank	#94	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	16.31
Rank	#36	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	3.02
Rank	#88	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores

Website

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Social network pages

Developer

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

Amazon Web Services

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2017

1989

2021

2010

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.5.0, January 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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