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DBMS > Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Solr vs. Stardog vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. Neo4j vs. Solr vs. Stardog vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldneo4j.comsolr.apache.orgwww.stardog.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdneo4j.com/­docssolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.stardog.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Apache Software FoundationStardog-UnionYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20142007200620102017
Current release2.1.12, February 20175.19, April 20249.6.0, April 20247.3.0, May 20202.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJava, ScalaJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoSolr Parallel SQL InterfaceYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsJava pluginsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handleryes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricShardingnoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyesMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yesAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LovefieldNeo4jSolrStardogYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
LovefieldNeo4jSolrStardogYugabyteDB
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