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DBMS > Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. PlanetScale vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. PlanetScale vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.complanetscale.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docsplanetscale.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.PlanetScaleStardog-Union
Initial release20142010200720202010
Current release2.1.12, February 2017V125.19, April 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++Java, ScalaGoJava
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersUsing read-only observersyesyes infovia event handleryesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID at shard levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
LovefieldMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4jPlanetScaleStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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