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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserealm.iorethinkdb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrealm.io/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Stardog-Union
Initial release20112010201420092010
Current release1.23, February 2021V122.4.1, August 20207.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyes infoChange ListenersClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding inforange basednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDAtomic single-document operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-Memory realmnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesyes infousers and table-level permissionsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRealmRethinkDBStardog
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