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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Spatial extension of SQLiteEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.60
Rank#246  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftPerconaAlessandro FurieriStardog-Union
Initial release20112010201520082010
Current release1.23, February 2021V123.4.10-2.10, November 20175.0.0, August 20207.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxserver-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol using JSONGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLJavaScriptnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infovia In-Memory Engineyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePercona Server for MongoDBSpatiaLiteStardog
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