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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.comgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.ByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release201120141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142016
Current release1.23, February 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsno
TriggersnoJavaScriptyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationno

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQLSnowflakeTerarkDB
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