DBMS > LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.34
Rank	#284	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Initial release

2011

2014

2010

1993

Current release

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

V12

3.4-12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

with some exceptions

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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