DBMS > LevelDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.87
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Tobias Oetiker

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2011

2014

1989

1999

2000

Current release

1.23, February 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

1.8.0, 2022

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
Windows

HP-UX
Linux

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

in-process shared library
Pipes

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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