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DBMS > LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperGoogleSymasMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2011201120101984
Current release1.23, February 20210.9.32, January 2024V127.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
LevelDBLMDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Rdb
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