DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsWidely used open source RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score1061.34
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.mysql.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sqlite.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.keydb.devdev.mysql.com/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDwayne Richard HippOpenLink Software
Initial release201919951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20001998
Current release8.4.0, April 202416.3, May 20243.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C and C++CCC
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infodynamic column typesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datepartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresLuayes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlsimple password-based access control and ACLUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
KeyDBMySQLPostgreSQLSQLiteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
» more

CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more
Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
KeyDBMySQLPostgreSQLSQLiteVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market
5 April 2018, Matthias Gelbmann

The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire
2 May 2017, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking
2 February 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Oh, snap! Snap snaps up database developer KeyDB
12 May 2022, TechCrunch

Snap Acquires KeyDB for Open-Source Services
17 May 2022, XR Today

Garnet–open-source faster cache-store speeds up applications, services
18 March 2024, Microsoft

Dragonfly 1.0 Released For What Claims To Be The World's Fastest In-Memory Data Store
20 March 2023, Phoronix

Microsoft open-sources Garnet cache-store -- a Redis rival?
19 March 2024, The Stack

provided by Google News

Audit MySQL Databases in Laravel With the DB Auditor Package
27 May 2024, Laravel News

Amazon Aurora MySQL version 2 (with MySQL 5.7 compatibility) to version 3 (with MySQL 8.0 compatibility) upgrade ...
18 March 2024, AWS Blog

Enterprise Manager: How Comcast enhanced monitoring for MySQL InnoDB Clusters
22 April 2024, blogs.oracle.com

Ultimate MySQL Workbench Installation Guide [2024 Edition]
15 February 2024, Simplilearn

Zendesk Moves from DynamoDB to MySQL and S3 to Save over 80% in Costs
29 December 2023, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL?
28 May 2024, SitePoint

Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database
1 May 2024, The New Stack

First Principles: Optimizing PostgreSQL for the cloud
14 November 2023, blogs.oracle.com

Oracle Introduces PostgreSQL Running Native on OCI
17 December 2023, IDC

General availability: Microsoft Entra ID integration with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates
13 March 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News

How to work with Dapper and SQLite in ASP.NET Core
10 May 2024, InfoWorld

A Guide to Working with SQLite Databases in Python
21 May 2024, KDnuggets

SQLite Vulnerability Could Put Thousands of Apps at Risk
22 March 2024, Dark Reading

SQLite's new support for binary JSON is similar but different from a PostgreSQL feature • DEVCLASS
16 January 2024, DevClass

Universal API Access from Postgres and SQLite
27 February 2024, O'Reilly Media

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here